Engineering and Technology

Brain tumor segmentation using k-means–FCM hybrid technique

Wed, 01 Mar 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Brain tumor segmentation using k-means–FCM hybrid technique Vaibhavi, Patel; Rupal, Kapdi Automatic brain tumor segmentation and detection is always very challenging and difficult task with respect to accuracy which is more important as brain surgery is a critical and complicated process. The medical professional can interpret magnetic resonance images (MRI), but this task is time-consuming, error-prone and tedious. So automatic segmentation technique is needed which is the unsolved challenging problem. In this paper, study of the different algorithms used for the brain tumor segmentation is done and a hybrid algorithm of K-means and FCM algorithm is implemented. The result of proposed algorithm is compared with the individual results of K-means and FCM algorithm. Ambient Communications and Computer Systems pp 341-352

Dynamic behavior and characteristic failure response of low plasticity cohesive soil

Sat, 01 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Dynamic behavior and characteristic failure response of low plasticity cohesive soil Thakur, Adarsh Singh; Pandya, Saloni; Sachan, Ajanta The present study evaluates the effect of stress history and loading conditions on dynamic behavior and failure characteristics of low plasticity cohesive soil. A series of two-way strain controlled cyclic triaxial tests were performed on soil samples collected from seismically active region of Gujarat (India). The effect of stress history and loading conditions on low plasticity soil was evaluated for OCR values of 1–4 and cyclic axial strain amplitude (εaεa) variation of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, respectively. The low plasticity soil was observed to undergo liquefaction even at lower amplitude and higher OCR. Liquefaction resistance of soil was observed to increase with the increasing OCR (1–4) and decrease with the increment in cyclic strain amplitude (0.5%—2.0%). The rate of stiffness degradation exhibited bilinear response when pore pressure ratio (ru) was observed to be 0.85. This indicated the generation of cyclic instability prior to flow liquefaction in low plasticity cohesive soil. Two-staged failure response was observed due to the subsequent transition from cyclic instability behavior to flow liquefaction. The low plasticity cohesive soil was found to experience first ‘clay-like behaviour’ due to commencement of cyclic instability and then ‘sand-like behaviour’ due to initiation of flow liquefaction. The low plasticity cohesive soil was observed to experience cyclic instability between 0.85 < ru < 0.95, and then, flow liquefaction at ru > 0.95. International Journal of Civil Engineering volume, 167–185 (2021)

Propagating fragility curve for rc buildings via hazus methodology

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Propagating fragility curve for rc buildings via hazus methodology Patel, Nirav K; A Vasanwala, Sandip In this era where sustainability plays a key role, to design structures for resisting the earthquake in best probable manner is an inspiration for all designers. The recent trend for structural engineers is evolving in the direction of NSA (Nonlinear Static Analysis) in order to generate its ultimate building capacity. Frame structures are evaluated using NSA i.e. push-over analysis to interpret the phenomenon of plastic yielding being experienced within the structure. ATC-40 has well illustrated various performance levels of the buildings. When seismic loads are active due to shaking of ground, it is essential to assess the conditional probability of structural response. This can be done using conditional probability as a function and plotting fragility curves for structural response due to application of seismic activity or loading as a function. These fragility curves are useful not only for calamities before earthquake but also after earthquake to evaluate the seismic losses. The probability of whichever damage state being exceeded can be plotted using fragility curves which can be derived using empirical or analytical methods which rely on both the source of the data along with type of analysis. This paper addresses the analytical method using the guidelines given by the HAZUS MH technical manual. The work represented here is compiled by means of procedure for establishing the fragility curves for three typical Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame structures having variations resembling 3 storey intended for short-period structures, 6 storey used for medium-period structures and 12 storey representing long-period structures. For analyzing structures, FEM based software SAP2000 has been used as a tool. The present study contributes towards quantification of seismic fragility; henceforth fragility curves are co-related and plotted which provides a rational and consistent probabilistic treatment of damage or loss. The fragility curves are figured out to assess and interpret the results. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Innovative Advancement in Engineering & Technology,2020

Analytical comparison of a gas turbine blade cooling using wet and dry air

Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT

Analytical comparison of a gas turbine blade cooling using wet and dry air Patel, Snehal N.; Patel, Dilip S.; Pathak, Kedar A. Air cooling is widely used technique to shield the turbine aerofoils against hot flue gases. The cooling of a gas turbine blade using wet air and dry air as a coolant is analytically investigated. The investigation is carried out considering effect of rotation for inward and outward flow of coolant. Wet air cooling performance is compared with dry air cooling. It has been observed that wet air provides better cooling and the performance improves with increase in relative humidity. The temperature of blade at tip decreases from 1293.44 K to 1172.6 K when relative humidity of wet air is increased from 10% to 90%. CAS (division of the American Chemical Society (ACS)), Index Copernicus, 2016